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5 Sheets-Sheet l. A. OHERTEMPS & L. DANDEN.

(No Model.)

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1883.

Wilnawrey W KW N. PETERS, rum-Lilm vn lw. Washinglml. D c.

(No Model.) 5 Sheets--Sl1eet 2.

A. GHERTEMPS & L. DANDEN. DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

N0. 270,017. Patented Jan.2, 1883.

(No Model.) 5Sheets-Sheet 3.

- A. GHERTEMPS-& L. DANDEN.

DYNAMO ELBGTRIO MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1883.

Win anew;

N. PETERS. Fhnbi'llhoxmplmr, Washingmn. D. c.

5 Sheets-Sheet 4. A. GHBRTEMPS &'L. DANDEN.

(No Model.)

DYNAMO ELECTRIC MACHINE.

PatentedJan. Z, 1883.

Wzl iwmef (No Model.) I 5 Sheets-Sheet 5.

A. GHERTEMPS 8a L; DANDEN.

DYIIAMO ELBGTRIC MACHINE.

Patented Jan. 2, 1 883.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALEXANDRE OHERTEMPS AND LOUIS DANDEN, OF PAR-IS, FRANCE.

-DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 270,017, dated January2, 1883,

Application filed October 5, 1882. (No model.) Patented in FranceJanuary 23, 1882, No. 147,003; in Belgium March 31, 1882,31)

' 57,494; in England April 12. 1882, No.1,747, and in Italy July 24,1882, No. 14,434.

To all whom it may concern Be itknown that we, ALEXANDRE Grinn- TEMPSand LOUIS DANDEN, citizens of France, residing at Paris, in theDepartment of the Seine, haveinvented new and useful Improvements inDynamo-Electric Machines, of which the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to a self-exciting dynamo-electricmachine in whichthe antagonistic effects of contrary currents, causing irregularities inthe currents produced, are destroyed, and a better result is obtainedthan it has been heretofore possible to secure by machines of like sizeand with expenditure of an equal amount of motive force.

Inthe accompanying drawings, Figure l is a view in front elevation oftheimproved selfacting dynamo; Fig. 2, a plan view of the same; Fig. 3,a transverse vertical section taken on the line 1 2 of Figs. 1 and 2,and Fig. 4 is an elevation of the commutator end of the machine. Figs. 3and 4* show a modification in the arrangement of the insulatingblook,the former being a section on line a be of the latter, which is an endelevation. Figs. 4 5, and 6 are. detail views, and Figs. 7 and 8 arealso detail views in front and side elevation, respectively.

A is the horizontal shaft of the machine,

mounted in plumber-blocks B B, secured to a base, B This shaft carries apair of castiron disks, 0 O. Fitted to the inner face of each of thesedisks is a set of hollow electromagnets, D D, arranged in a circleconcentric with these disks, and forming together the rotary fields ofthe machine. These hollow electro-magnets, which are made fast to theirdisks by bolts or nuts, are preferably made in the form illustrated inFigs. 3 and 4.", as they facilitate the magnetization, while at the sametime the weight of the rotating fields is reduced, and less power isconsequently required to drire the machine. Between these rotary fieldsis placed a stationary armature, composed of a block or plate, E, ofwood or other non-conducting material, and pierced through with a ringof holes, the axis of each hole corresponding with that of one of thefield-magnets. The diameter of this ring of holes is such as to insuretheir standing opposite the field-magnets as these magnets are rotated.In each hole in block E is fitted a bobbin, F, the ends of which projectfrom opposite sides of the block E of insulating material. In Figs. 3"and 4 the block E is formed of two pieces, E E joined together by meansof bolts and nuts R, as shown. Between the plates E E are fitted thebobbins F, which pass through the holes pierced in each plate.

The coils of each of the bobbins F are preferably wound upon a core ofiron, composed of severaltubes,fittingthe one withintheother, as shownin Fig. 3*, the object being to allow access of air to the interior,while the free space left between plates E E permits free circulation ofair all around the exterior of the bobbins, thusavoiding heatingot' thebobbins, and also reducing the weight of metal employed to a minimum.

The inner or filling tubes are or may be coated with paper to insulatethem from each other before driving them into-place.

In Fig. 3 the heavy black lines 8 indicate the insulating material.

The hollow bobbins are so adjusted with respect to the field-magnetsthat the latter shall just clear them when rotating. The drawings showthe fixed armature as formed with six of such bobbins, the wires ofwhich are conducted up to pairs of metal blocks 0 e, mounted on a block,L, which in turn is supported preferably on thei'nsulating-block E. Thisblock E is preferably built in sections, as shown in Fig. 3, so as toprevent warping, and the parts are bound firmly together and to thebobbins F by means of a metal strap, which passes over the compoundblock and holds it down firmly to the bed-plate.

Made fast by means of binding-screws 0 to the metal blocks e c are pairsof wires, one of which leads oti' tothepairof rubbers or brushes G, andthe remainder to, say, the lamps or other devices in which theelectricity is to be employed. The rubbers G are mounted adjustably onthe plumber-block B, and are intended to supply a current let off fromwhat may be termed the exciting-bobbin to a commutator, II, inconnection with the whole of the field-magnets. The commutator, which ismounted on the shaft A, receives alternating currents from theexciting-bobbin of the armature, and these currents it is designed torectify and transmit as a continuous currentto the field-magnets. Forthis purpose the commutator is constructed in a special manner, whichinsures that in its rotation one section of the commutator shall notleave the .rubber or brush until the next section is in contact with thesame rubber or brush.

The commutator H is composed oftwo parts, H H, (see Figs. 5 and 6,) eachahollow cylinder, with one end closed, the peripheries being so cut awayas to permit the two cylinders interlocking to their full length. Thenumber of interlockin gparts of the commutatordepends upon the number ofelectromagnets contained in the field and the number of bobbins in thearmature. Vehavesaid thatthenumberofbobbins shown in the drawings issix, and there are also six pairs of electro-magnets in the rotatingfield. This necessitates the use of a corresponding number ofinterlocking parts in the commutator viz., three for each cylindercounterpart of the commutator. These interlockin g parts (marked h andh, respectively) are tapered in steps, as shown, and when fittedtogether, as in Fig. 2, upon shalt A, and insulated therefrom and fromeach other, together form a hollow cylinder with asmooth periphery, uponthe opposite sides of which bear the rubbers G. One portion of thiscommutator is connected with one terminal of the field, and the otherportion with the other terminal. Thus when the machine is in action acurrent of electricity is passed from the armature through the rubbers Gand commutator H to the field-magnets. As, however, the commutatorpresents practically but two surfaces to the rubbers, and these insuccession, electric currents will be transmitted to the field. Byadjusting the commutator relatively to the field-magnets, and therebyinsuring the shifting of the rubbers from the middle step of one segmentto the middle step of the next adjacent segment at the moment that thefield-magnets are passing the spaces between the armaturebobbins, andconsequently through neutral points, all liability to sparking will beremoved.

In order to provide exciting-currents for the field magnetsproportionate to the requirements of the bobbins from which the currentsare to be taken for illuminating or other purposes, we coil'theexciting-bobbin, which is connected with the brushes or rubbers G, withwire of a gage corresponding to the gage of the wire on thefield-magnets, and the weight of this coil is made to correspond withthe weight of the other bobbin-coils of the armature. Theconducting-wires, through which the exciting-currents are passed to thefieldmagnets, will also be made of equal gage, and by this means inducedcurrents will be passed into the field in the exact proportion requiredto give full efiiciency to the field-magnets.

As has been said, the wires of the armaturebobbins are led up to thepairs of blocks a 0. These blocks are fitted with clamping-screws e forconnecting thereto the wires of the different circuits. In order,however, to combine together two or more currents of the workingcircuitsaccording to the work in hand,we provide a forked sliding piece, K,which is made to run under binding-screws fitted to the several blocks,and thereby to couple them up, as required; or the plates may beconnected to gether by hooked attachments m. The construction of thepiece K is best shown in Fig. 4 m

To provide for closing a lamp-circuit when broken by accident, andthereby to avoid the heating of the metal core of the armaturebobbin,and the consequent injury to the coil thereon, in each lamp circuit isplaced a small electro-magnet, mounting the same on the fixed armature,as illustrated in Figs. 7 and 8 in front and side elevation. Thesemagnets I are carried by a bracket, I, screwed to the block L, and theyoverlie a plate, It, which slides up and down on the bracket 1. Thisplate overlies the pair of terminal blocks 0 e, and is intended bycontact therewith to short-circuit the currents generated in the bobbinconnected therewith. When the machineis set in action the currents,passing to one of the terminal blocks, will be divided, a portionpassing to the opposite terminal by the plate 70 and the other portionpassing around the electro-magnct I, and so on to the lamp and back tothe terminal 0. The electro-magnet, being by this means excited, willlift the plate It and retain it in its raised position so long as thecurrent remains unbroken. So soon,however, as this takes place, whetherby accident or otherwise, the plate 70 will fall and close the circuit,cutting out the broken portion.

Having now fully described our said invention and the manner of carryingthe same into effect, what we claim is- 1. In a machine containing afixed armature with rotating field-magnets arranged in groups on eitherside thereof, and provided with acommutator, the exciting-bobbins woundwith wire ofa gage corresponding with the gage of the wire in thefield-magnets, so as to supply to the field -magnets exciting-currentsproportionate to the capacity of the armaturebobbins to receive inducedcurrents, substantiall y as set forth.

2. In adynamo-electric machine, the bobbins described, having theircores composed of tubes insulated from eachother and fitting ohe withinthe other, substantially as setforth.

3. In a dynamo-machine of the character described, the commutatorcomposed of two interlocking cylinders, with the interlocking portiontapered by steps, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

4:. The combinatiomwith the metallic block, from which the inducedcurrents are taken off, of the sliding forked piece for combiningtogether, as required two or more of the said In testimony whereof wehave hereunto set 10 metallic blocks, from which the induced curourhands in the presence of two subscribing rents are taken, substantiallyas described. witnesses.

5. In combination with the dynamo-mar t chine, the short circuitingapparatus at said I S%S f-Q- IJ E% machine, comprising an electro-magnetin the line circuit, and a plate or armature adapted Witnesses:

to fall and close the circuit when the current EMILE BARRAULT, ceases toflow, substantially as described. AUG. VINOK.

